一. 开篇语
今天很坑爹啊, 为了搞一下JMS这个玩意, 整了一天了, 光是weblogic的环境就换了两, 最后总算是搞定了, 写下这篇日志, 记录下学习的心得.
二. JMS
所谓的JMS其实就是异步通讯, 我们可以打个简单的比方:
现在的手机基本上普及了, 手机它有两个基本功能, 一个是打电话, 一个是发短信. 打电话是同步的, 必须要保证双方都开机才能进行通话;
而发短信则是异步的, 接收方不需要保持开机状态; 这就类似JMS了, 异步通讯实现了程序之间的松耦合的关系.
三. 几个概念
1. 为了实现JMS独立于不同供应商MS的专有技术, weblogic JMS采用了受管对象(administratored object)的机制
2. 受管对象就是由消息服务器通过管理界面创建, 程序通过JNDI接口取得这些对象
3. weblogic 中有两种受管对象:
①. connection factory: 用于创建消息服务器的connection对象
②. distination: 用于创建消息目标和消息源
四. 环境准备
1. myeclipse环境
① jre1.4
② j2ee 1.4 libraries
③ 导入weblogic.jar
2. weblogic环境
① 安装weblogic8.1并集成到myeclipse
http://blog.csdn.net/zdp072/article/details/26831739
② 配置weblogic服务器
1)、新建jms连接工厂,工厂名称为“ myJMSConnectionFactory ”, JNDI name为"myJMSConnectionFactoryJNDIName" .
2)、定义后备存储, 并填写存储目录.
3)、新建jms服务器,服务器名称为:“ myJMSServer ”.
4)、在“ myJMSServer ”服务下新建目标为“ myJMSQueue ”队列, JNDI name为"myJMSQueueJNDIName".
5)、 在“ myJMSServer ”服务下新建目标为“ myJMSTopic ”主题, JNDI name为"myJMSTopicJNDIName".
五. 代码测试
1. 测试P2P(point to point) - 点对点模式.
生产者发送一条消息到消息服务器, 消息服务器发送给一个消费者, 这条消息不能再发送给其他消费者, 相当于队列, 先到先得.
①. 实体类User
/**
* 实体类
* @author zhangjim
*/public class User implements Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; private String name; private int age; public int getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(int age) { this.age = age; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; }
}
②. 生产者QueueMsgSender
public class QueueMsgSender { // Defines the JNDI context factory. public final static String JNDI_FACTORY = "weblogic.jndi.WLInitialContextFactory"; // Defines the JNDI provider url. public final static String PROVIDER_URL = "t3://localhost:7001/"; // Defines the JMS connection factory for the queue. public final static String CONNECTION_FACTORY_JNDI_NAME = "myJMSConnectionFactoryJNDIName"; // Defines the queue, use the queue JNDI name public final static String QUEUE_JNDI_NAME = "myJMSQueueJNDIName"; private QueueConnectionFactory qconFactory; private QueueConnection queueConnection; private QueueSession queueSession; private QueueSender queueSender; private Queue queue; private TextMessage textMessage; private StreamMessage streamMessage; private BytesMessage bytesMessage; private MapMessage mapMessage; private ObjectMessage objectMessage; /** * get the context object. *
* @return context object * @throws NamingException if operation cannot be performed */ private static InitialContext getInitialContext() throws NamingException { Hashtable table = new Hashtable(); table.put(Context.INITIAL_CONTEXT_FACTORY, JNDI_FACTORY);
table.put(Context.PROVIDER_URL, PROVIDER_URL); InitialContext context = new InitialContext(table); return context; } /** * Creates all the necessary objects for sending messages to a JMS queue. *
* @param ctx JNDI initial context * @param queueName name of queue * @exception NamingException if operation cannot be performed * @exception JMSException if JMS fails to initialize due to internal error */ public void init(Context ctx, String queueName) throws NamingException, JMSException { qconFactory = (QueueConnectionFactory) ctx.lookup(CONNECTION_FACTORY_JNDI_NAME); queueConnection = qconFactory.createQueueConnection(); queueSession = queueConnection.createQueueSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE); queue = (Queue) ctx.lookup(queueName); queueSender = queueSession.createSender(queue); textMessage = queueSession.createTextMessage(); streamMessage = queueSession.createStreamMessage(); bytesMessage = queueSession.createBytesMessage(); mapMessage = queueSession.createMapMessage(); objectMessage = queueSession.createObjectMessage(); queueConnection.start(); } /** * Sends a message to a JMS queue. *
* @param message message to be sent * @exception JMSException if JMS fails to send message due to internal error */ public void send(String message) throws JMSException { // type1: set TextMessage textMessage.setText(message); // type2: set StreamMessage streamMessage.writeString(message); streamMessage.writeInt(20); // type3: set BytesMessage byte[] block = message.getBytes(); bytesMessage.writeBytes(block); // type4: set MapMessage mapMessage.setString("name", message); // type5: set ObjectMessage User user = new User(); user.setName(message); user.setAge(30); objectMessage.setObject(user); queueSender.send(objectMessage); } /** * read the msg from the console, then send it. *
* @param msgSender * @throws IOException if IO fails to send message due to internal error * @throws JMSException if JMS fails to send message due to internal error */ private static void readAndSend(QueueMsgSender msgSender) throws IOException, JMSException { BufferedReader msgStream = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)); System.out.println("Enter message(input quit to quit):");
String line = null; boolean quit = false;
do { line = msgStream.readLine(); if (line != null && line.trim().length() != 0) {
msgSender.send(line); System.out.println("JMS Message Sent: " + line + "\n"); quit = line.equalsIgnoreCase("quit"); } } while (!quit); } /** * release resources. *
* @exception JMSException if JMS fails to close objects due to internal error */ public void close() throws JMSException { queueSender.close(); queueSession.close(); queueConnection.close(); } /** * test client. *
* @param args * @throws Exception
*/ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { InitialContext ctx = getInitialContext();
QueueMsgSender sender = new QueueMsgSender();
sender.init(ctx, QUEUE_JNDI_NAME); readAndSend(sender); sender.close(); }
}
③. 消费者QueueMsgReceiver
public class QueueMsgReceiver implements MessageListener { // Defines the JNDI context factory. public final static String JNDI_FACTORY = "weblogic.jndi.WLInitialContextFactory"; // Defines the JNDI provider url. public final static String PROVIDER_URL = "t3://localhost:7001"; // Defines the JMS connection factory for the queue. public final static String CONNECTION_FACTORY_JNDI_NAME = "myJMSConnectionFactoryJNDIName"; // Defines the queue, use the queue JNDI name public final static String QUEUE_JNDI_NAME = "myJMSQueueJNDIName"; private QueueConnectionFactory qconFactory; private QueueConnection queueConnection; private QueueSession queueSession; private QueueReceiver queueReceiver; private Queue queue; private boolean quit = false; /** * get the context object. *
* @return context object * @throws NamingException if operation cannot be performed */ private static InitialContext getInitialContext() throws NamingException { Hashtable table = new Hashtable(); table.put(Context.INITIAL_CONTEXT_FACTORY, JNDI_FACTORY); table.put(Context.PROVIDER_URL, PROVIDER_URL); InitialContext context = new InitialContext(table); return context; } /** * Creates all the necessary objects for receiving messages from a JMS queue. *
* @param ctx JNDI initial context * @param queueName name of queue * @exception NamingException if operation cannot be performed * @exception JMSException if JMS fails to initialize due to internal error */ public void init(Context ctx, String queueName) throws NamingException, JMSException { qconFactory = (QueueConnectionFactory) ctx.lookup(CONNECTION_FACTORY_JNDI_NAME); queueConnection = qconFactory.createQueueConnection();
queueSession = queueConnection.createQueueSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE); queue = (Queue) ctx.lookup(queueName); queueReceiver = queueSession.createReceiver(queue);
queueReceiver.setMessageListener(this); // second thread: message reveive thread. queueConnection.start();
} /** * implement from MessageListener. * when a message arrived, it will be invoked. *
* @param message message */ public void onMessage(Message message) { try { String msgStr = "";
int age = 0;
if (message instanceof TextMessage) { msgStr = ((TextMessage) message).getText(); } else if (message instanceof StreamMessage) { msgStr = ((StreamMessage) message).readString(); age = ((StreamMessage) message).readInt(); } else if (message instanceof BytesMessage) { byte[] block = new byte[1024]; ((BytesMessage) message).readBytes(block); msgStr = String.valueOf(block); } else if (message instanceof MapMessage) { msgStr = ((MapMessage) message).getString("name"); } else if (message instanceof ObjectMessage) { User user = (User) ((ObjectMessage) message).getObject(); msgStr = user.getName();
age = user.getAge(); } System.out.println("Message Received: " + msgStr + ", " + age); if (msgStr.equalsIgnoreCase("quit")) { synchronized (this) { quit = true; this.notifyAll(); // Notify main thread to quit } } } catch (JMSException e) { throw new RuntimeException("error happens", e); } } /** * release resources. *
* @exception JMSException if JMS fails to close objects due to internal error */ public void close() throws JMSException { queueReceiver.close(); queueSession.close(); queueConnection.close(); } /** * test client. * first thread(main thread) *
* @param args * @throws Exception
*/ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { InitialContext ctx = getInitialContext(); QueueMsgReceiver receiver = new QueueMsgReceiver();
receiver.init(ctx, QUEUE_JNDI_NAME); // Wait until a "quit" message has been received. synchronized (receiver) { while (!receiver.quit) { try { receiver.wait(); } catch (InterruptedException e) {
throw new RuntimeException("error happens", e); } } } receiver.close(); }
}
2. 测试publisher and subscriber - 发布订阅模式.
生产者发送一条消息到消息服务器, 消息服务器发送给正在监听的所有消费者, 类似广播.
①. 生产者TopicMsgPublisher
public class TopicMsgPublisher { // Defines the JNDI context factory. public final static String JNDI_FACTORY = "weblogic.jndi.WLInitialContextFactory"; // Defines the JNDI provider url. public final static String PROVIDER_URL = "t3://localhost:7001/"; // Defines the JMS connection factory for the topic. public final static String CONNECTION_FACTORY_JNDI_NAME = "myJMSConnectionFactoryJNDIName"; // Defines the topic, use the topic JNDI name public final static String TOPIC_JNDI_NAME = "myJMSTopicJNDIName";
private TopicConnectionFactory tconFactory; private TopicConnection topicConnection; private TopicSession topicSession; private TopicPublisher topicPublisher;
private Topic topic;
private TextMessage textMessage; private StreamMessage streamMessage; private BytesMessage bytesMessage; private MapMessage mapMessage; private ObjectMessage objectMessage; /** * get the context object. *
* @return context object * @throws NamingException if operation cannot be performed */ private static InitialContext getInitialContext() throws NamingException { Hashtable table = new Hashtable(); table.put(Context.INITIAL_CONTEXT_FACTORY, JNDI_FACTORY);
table.put(Context.PROVIDER_URL, PROVIDER_URL); InitialContext context = new InitialContext(table); return context; } /** * Creates all the necessary objects for sending messages to a JMS topic. *
* @param ctx JNDI initial context * @param topicName name of topic * @exception NamingException if operation cannot be performed * @exception JMSException if JMS fails to initialize due to internal error */ public void init(Context ctx, String topicName) throws NamingException, JMSException { tconFactory = (TopicConnectionFactory) ctx.lookup(CONNECTION_FACTORY_JNDI_NAME); topicConnection = tconFactory.createTopicConnection(); topicSession = topicConnection.createTopicSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE); topic = (Topic) ctx.lookup(topicName); topicPublisher = topicSession.createPublisher(topic); textMessage = topicSession.createTextMessage(); streamMessage = topicSession.createStreamMessage(); bytesMessage = topicSession.createBytesMessage(); mapMessage = topicSession.createMapMessage(); objectMessage = topicSession.createObjectMessage(); topicConnection.start(); } /** * Sends a message to a JMS topic. *
* @param message message to be sent * @exception JMSException if JMS fails to send message due to internal error */ public void send(String message) throws JMSException { // type1: set TextMessage textMessage.setText(message); // type2: set StreamMessage streamMessage.writeString(message); streamMessage.writeInt(20); // type3: set BytesMessage byte[] block = message.getBytes(); bytesMessage.writeBytes(block); // type4: set MapMessage mapMessage.setString("name", message); // type5: set ObjectMessage User user = new User(); user.setName(message); user.setAge(30); objectMessage.setObject(user); topicPublisher.publish(objectMessage); } /** * read the msg from the console, then send it. *
* @param msgPublisher * @throws IOException if IO fails to send message due to internal error * @throws JMSException if JMS fails to send message due to internal error */ private static void readAndSend(TopicMsgPublisher msgPublisher) throws IOException, JMSException {
BufferedReader msgStream = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)); System.out.println("Enter message(input quit to quit):");
String line = null; boolean quit = false;
do { line = msgStream.readLine(); if (line != null && line.trim().length() != 0) {
msgPublisher.send(line); System.out.println("JMS Message Sent: " + line + "\n"); quit = line.equalsIgnoreCase("quit"); } } while (!quit); } /** * release resources. *
* @exception JMSException if JMS fails to close objects due to internal error */ public void close() throws JMSException { topicPublisher.close(); topicSession.close(); topicConnection.close(); } /** * test client. *
* @param args * @throws Exception
*/ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { InitialContext ctx = getInitialContext();
TopicMsgPublisher publisher = new TopicMsgPublisher();
publisher.init(ctx, TOPIC_JNDI_NAME);
readAndSend(publisher); publisher.close(); }
}
②. 消费者TopicMsgSubscriber
public class TopicMsgSubscriber implements MessageListener { // Defines the JNDI context factory. public final static String JNDI_FACTORY = "weblogic.jndi.WLInitialContextFactory"; // Defines the JNDI provider url. public final static String PROVIDER_URL = "t3://localhost:7001"; // Defines the JMS connection factory for the topic. public final static String CONNECTION_FACTORY_JNDI_NAME = "myJMSConnectionFactoryJNDIName"; // Defines the topic, use the topic JNDI name public final static String TOPIC_JNDI_NAME = "myJMSTopicJNDIName"; private TopicConnectionFactory tconFactory; private TopicConnection topicConnection; private TopicSession topicSession; private TopicSubscriber topicSubscriber; private Topic topic;
private boolean quit = false; /** * get the context object. *
* @return context object * @throws NamingException if operation cannot be performed */ private static InitialContext getInitialContext() throws NamingException { Hashtable table = new Hashtable(); table.put(Context.INITIAL_CONTEXT_FACTORY, JNDI_FACTORY); table.put(Context.PROVIDER_URL, PROVIDER_URL); InitialContext context = new InitialContext(table); return context; } /** * Creates all the necessary objects for receiving messages from a JMS topic. *
* @param ctx JNDI initial context * @param topicName name of topic * @exception NamingException if operation cannot be performed * @exception JMSException if JMS fails to initialize due to internal error */ public void init(Context ctx, String topicName) throws NamingException, JMSException { tconFactory = (TopicConnectionFactory) ctx.lookup(CONNECTION_FACTORY_JNDI_NAME); topicConnection = tconFactory.createTopicConnection();
topicSession = topicConnection.createTopicSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE); topic = (Topic) ctx.lookup(topicName); topicSubscriber = topicSession.createSubscriber(topic);
topicSubscriber.setMessageListener(this); // second thread: message reveive thread. topicConnection.start();
} /** * implement from MessageListener. * when a message arrived, it will be invoked. *
* @param message message */ public void onMessage(Message message) { try { String msgStr = "";
int age = 0;
if (message instanceof TextMessage) { msgStr = ((TextMessage) message).getText(); } else if (message instanceof StreamMessage) { msgStr = ((StreamMessage) message).readString(); age = ((StreamMessage) message).readInt(); } else if (message instanceof BytesMessage) { byte[] block = new byte[1024]; ((BytesMessage) message).readBytes(block); msgStr = String.valueOf(block); } else if (message instanceof MapMessage) { msgStr = ((MapMessage) message).getString("name"); } else if (message instanceof ObjectMessage) { User user = (User) ((ObjectMessage) message).getObject(); msgStr = user.getName();
age = user.getAge(); } System.out.println("Message subscribed: " + msgStr + ", " + age); if (msgStr.equalsIgnoreCase("quit")) { synchronized (this) { quit = true; this.notifyAll(); // Notify main thread to quit } } } catch (JMSException e) { throw new RuntimeException("error happens", e); } } /** * release resources. *
* @exception JMSException if JMS fails to close objects due to internal error */ public void close() throws JMSException { topicSubscriber.close(); topicSession.close(); topicConnection.close(); } /** * test client. * first thread(main thread) *
* @param args * @throws Exception
*/ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { InitialContext ctx = getInitialContext(); TopicMsgSubscriber subscriber = new TopicMsgSubscriber();
subscriber.init(ctx, TOPIC_JNDI_NAME); // Wait until a "quit" message has been subscribed. synchronized (subscriber) { while (!subscriber.quit) { try { subscriber.wait(); } catch (InterruptedException e) {
throw new RuntimeException("error happens", e); } } } subscriber.close(); }
}