java中多种方式读文件
一、多种方式读文件内容。
1、按字节读取文件内容
2、按字符读取文件内容
3、按行读取文件内容
4、随机读取文件内容
[java]view plaincopy
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.RandomAccessFile;
import java.io.Reader;
publicclass ReadFromFile {
publicstaticvoid readFileByBytes(String fileName){
File file = new File(fileName);
InputStream in = null;
try {
System.out.println(
"以字节为单位读取文件内容,一次读一个字节:");
// 一次读一个字节 in = new FileInputStream(file);
int tempbyte;
while((tempbyte=in.read()) != -1){
System.out.write(tempbyte);
}
in.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return;
}
try {
System.out.println(
"以字节为单位读取文件内容,一次读多个字节:");
//一次读多个字节
byte[] tempbytes = newbyte[100];
int byteread = 0;
in = new FileInputStream(fileName);
ReadFromFile.showAvailableBytes(in);
//读入多个字节到字节数组中,byteread为一次读入的字节数
while ((byteread = in.read(tempbytes)) != -1){
System.out.write(tempbytes, 0, byteread);
}
} catch (Exception e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (in != null){
try {
in.close();
} catch (IOException e1) {
}
}
}
}
publicstaticvoid readFileByChars(String fileName){
File file = new File(fileName);
Reader reader = null;
try {
System.out.println(
"以字符为单位读取文件内容,一次读一个字节:");
// 一次读一个字符
reader = new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(file));
int tempchar;
while ((tempchar = reader.read()) != -1){
//对于windows下,rn这两个字符在一起时,表示一个换行。
//但如果这两个字符分开显示时,会换两次行。
//因此,屏蔽掉r,或者屏蔽n。否则,将会多出很多空行。
if (((char)tempchar) != 'r'){
System.out.print((char)tempchar);
}
}
reader.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
try {
System.out.println(
"以字符为单位读取文件内容,一次读多个字节:");
//一次读多个字符
char[] tempchars = newchar[30];
int charread = 0;
reader = new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(fileName));
//读入多个字符到字符数组中,charread为一次读取字符数
while ((charread = reader.read(tempchars))!=-1){
//同样屏蔽掉r不显示
if ((charread == tempchars.length)&&(tempchars[tempchars.length-1] != 'r')){
System.out.print(tempchars);
}else{
for (int i=0; i<charread; i++){
if(tempchars[i] == 'r'){
continue;
}else{
System.out.print(tempchars[i]);
}
}
}
}
} catch (Exception e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}finally {
if (reader != null){
try {
reader.close();
} catch (IOException e1) {
}
}
}
}
publicstaticvoid readFileByLines(String fileName){
File file = new File(fileName);
BufferedReader reader = null;
try {
System.out.println(
"以行为单位读取文件内容,一次读一整行:");
reader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(file));
String tempString = null;
int line = 1;
//一次读入一行,直到读入null为文件结束
while ((tempString = reader.readLine()) != null){
//显示行号
System.out.println("line " + line + ": " + tempString);
line++;
}
reader.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (reader != null){
try {
reader.close();
} catch (IOException e1) {
}
}
}
}
publicstaticvoid readFileByRandomAccess(String fileName){
RandomAccessFile randomFile = null;
try {
System.out.println(
"随机读取一段文件内容:");
// 打开一个随机访问文件流,按只读方式
randomFile = new RandomAccessFile(fileName, "r");
// 文件长度,字节数
long fileLength = randomFile.length();
// 读文件的起始位置
int beginIndex = (fileLength > 4) ? 4 : 0;
//将读文件的开始位置移到beginIndex位置。
randomFile.seek(beginIndex);
byte[] bytes = newbyte[10];
int byteread = 0;
//一次读10个字节,如果文件内容不足10个字节,则读剩下的字节。
//将一次读取的字节数赋给byteread
while ((byteread = randomFile.read(bytes)) != -1){
System.out.write(bytes, 0, byteread);
}
} catch (IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (randomFile != null){
try {
randomFile.close();
} catch (IOException e1) {
}
}
}
}
privatestaticvoid showAvailableBytes(InputStream in){
try {
System.out.println(
"当前字节输入流中的字节数为:" + in.available());
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) {
String fileName = "C:/temp/newTemp.txt";
ReadFromFile.readFileByBytes(fileName);
ReadFromFile.readFileByChars(fileName);
ReadFromFile.readFileByLines(fileName);
ReadFromFile.readFileByRandomAccess(fileName);
}
}
二、将内容追加到文件尾部
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.RandomAccessFile;
publicclass AppendToFile {
publicstaticvoid appendMethodA(String fileName,
String content){
try {
// 打开一个随机访问文件流,按读写方式
RandomAccessFile randomFile = new RandomAccessFile(fileName, "rw");
// 文件长度,字节数
long fileLength = randomFile.length();
//将写文件指针移到文件尾。
randomFile.seek(fileLength);
randomFile.writeBytes(content);
randomFile.close();
} catch (IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
publicstaticvoid appendMethodB(String fileName, String content){
try {
//打开一个写文件器,构造函数中的第二个参数true表示以追加形式写文件
FileWriter writer = new FileWriter(fileName, true);
writer.write(content);
writer.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) {
String fileName = "C:/temp/newTemp.txt";
String content = "new append!";
//按方法A追加文件
AppendToFile.appendMethodA(fileName, content);
AppendToFile.appendMethodA(fileName, "append end. n");
//显示文件内容
ReadFromFile.readFileByLines(fileName);
//按方法B追加文件
AppendToFile.appendMethodB(fileName, content);
AppendToFile.appendMethodB(fileName, "append end. n");
//显示文件内容
ReadFromFile.readFileByLines(fileName);
}
}