MySQL学习足迹记录02--SELECT
本查询所用到的表格结构和数据
mysql> SHOW COLUMNS FROM products;
+------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| prod_id | char(10) | NO | PRI | NULL | |
| vend_id | int(11) | NO | MUL | NULL | |
| prod_name | char(255) | NO | | NULL | |
| prod_price | decimal(8,2) | NO | | NULL | |
| prod_desc | text | YES | | NULL | |
+------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
mysql> select * from products;
+---------+---------+----------------+------------+----------------------------------------------------------------+
| prod_id | vend_id | prod_name | prod_price | prod_desc |
+---------+---------+----------------+------------+----------------------------------------------------------------+
| ANV01 | 1001 | .5 ton anvil | 5.99 | .5 ton anvil, black, complete with handy hook |
| ANV02 | 1001 | 1 ton anvil | 9.99 | 1 ton anvil, black, complete with handy hook and carrying case |
| ANV03 | 1001 | 2 ton anvil | 14.99 | 2 ton anvil, black, complete with handy hook and carrying case |
| DTNTR | 1003 | Detonator | 13.00 | Detonator (plunger powered), fuses not included |
| FB | 1003 | Bird seed | 10.00 | Large bag (suitable for road runners) |
| FC | 1003 | Carrots | 2.50 | Carrots (rabbit hunting season only) |
| FU1 | 1002 | Fuses | 3.42 | 1 dozen, extra long |
| JP1000 | 1005 | JetPack 1000 | 35.00 | JetPack 1000, intended for single use |
| JP2000 | 1005 | JetPack 2000 | 55.00 | JetPack 2000, multi-use |
| OL1 | 1002 | Oil can | 8.99 | Oil can, red |
| SAFE | 1003 | Safe | 50.00 | Safe with combination lock |
| SLING | 1003 | Sling | 4.49 | Sling, one size fits all |
| TNT1 | 1003 | TNT (1 stick) | 2.50 | TNT, red, single stick |
| TNT2 | 1003 | TNT (5 sticks) | 10.00 | TNT, red, pack of 10 sticks |
+---------+---------+----------------+------------+----------------------------------------------------------------+
1.检索单个列：
eg:
mysql> SELECT prod_NAME FROM products; #MYSQL并不区分大小写
+----------------+
| prod_NAME |
+----------------+
| .5 ton anvil |
| 1 ton anvil |
| 2 ton anvil |
| Detonator |
| Bird seed |
| Carrots |
| Fuses |
| JetPack 1000 |
| JetPack 2000 |
| Oil can |
| Safe |
| Sling |
| TNT (1 stick) |
| TNT (5 sticks) |
+----------------+
2.检索多个列
eg:
mysql> SELECT prod_id,prod_name,prod_price FROM products;
+---------+----------------+------------+
| prod_id | prod_name | prod_price |
+---------+----------------+------------+
| ANV01 | .5 ton anvil | 5.99 |
| ANV02 | 1 ton anvil | 9.99 |
| ANV03 | 2 ton anvil | 14.99 |
| DTNTR | Detonator | 13.00 |
| FB | Bird seed | 10.00 |
| FC | Carrots | 2.50 |
| FU1 | Fuses | 3.42 |
| JP1000 | JetPack 1000 | 35.00 |
| JP2000 | JetPack 2000 | 55.00 |
| OL1 | Oil can | 8.99 |
| SAFE | Safe | 50.00 |
| SLING | Sling | 4.49 |
| TNT1 | TNT (1 stick) | 2.50 |
| TNT2 | TNT (5 sticks) | 10.00 |
+---------+----------------+------------+
3.检索所有列
eg:
mysql> SELECT * FROM products;
+---------+---------+----------------+------------+----------------------------------------------------------------+
| prod_id | vend_id | prod_name | prod_price | prod_desc |
+---------+---------+----------------+------------+----------------------------------------------------------------+
| ANV01 | 1001 | .5 ton anvil | 5.99 | .5 ton anvil, black, complete with handy hook |
| ANV02 | 1001 | 1 ton anvil | 9.99 | 1 ton anvil, black, complete with handy hook and carrying case |
| ANV03 | 1001 | 2 ton anvil | 14.99 | 2 ton anvil, black, complete with handy hook and carrying case |
| DTNTR | 1003 | Detonator | 13.00 | Detonator (plunger powered), fuses not included |
| FB | 1003 | Bird seed | 10.00 | Large bag (suitable for road runners) |
| FC | 1003 | Carrots | 2.50 | Carrots (rabbit hunting season only) |
| FU1 | 1002 | Fuses | 3.42 | 1 dozen, extra long |
| JP1000 | 1005 | JetPack 1000 | 35.00 | JetPack 1000, intended for single use |
| JP2000 | 1005 | JetPack 2000 | 55.00 | JetPack 2000, multi-use |
| OL1 | 1002 | Oil can | 8.99 | Oil can, red |
| SAFE | 1003 | Safe | 50.00 | Safe with combination lock |
| SLING | 1003 | Sling | 4.49 | Sling, one size fits all |
| TNT1 | 1003 | TNT (1 stick) | 2.50 | TNT, red, single stick |
| TNT2 | 1003 | TNT (5 sticks) | 10.00 | TNT, red, pack of 10 sticks |
+---------+---------+----------------+------------+----------------------------------------------------------------+
4.检索不同的行
先列出所有的行以便作对比
eg:
mysql> SELECT vend_id FROM products;
+---------+
| vend_id |
+---------+
| 1001 |
| 1001 |
| 1001 |
| 1002 |
| 1002 |
| 1003 |
| 1003 |
| 1003 |
| 1003 |
| 1003 |
| 1003 |
| 1003 |
| 1005 |
| 1005 |
+---------+
*DISTINGCT关键字便可以把相同的行去掉
mysql> SELECT DISTINCT vend_id FROM products;
+---------+
| vend_id |
+---------+
| 1001 |
| 1002 |
| 1003 |
| 1005 |
+---------+
5.限制结果
*限制返回前几行
eg:
mysql> SELECT prod_name FROM products LIMIT 5;
+--------------+
| prod_name |
+--------------+
| .5 ton anvil |
| 1 ton anvil |
| 2 ton anvil |
| Detonator |
| Bird seed |
+--------------+
*限制返回从从第N行开始（下标从0开始），一直持续M行结束
eg:
mysql> SELECT prod_name FROM products LIMIT 5,5;
+--------------+
| prod_name |
+--------------+
| Carrots |
| Fuses |
| JetPack 1000 |
| JetPack 2000 |
| Oil can |
+--------------+
6.使用完全限定的表名
eg:
mysql> SELECT products.prod_name FROM MySQL_ex.products; #products为表名，MySQL_ex为数据库名
+----------------+
| prod_name |
+----------------+
| .5 ton anvil |
| 1 ton anvil |
| 2 ton anvil |
| Detonator |
| Bird seed |
| Carrots |
| Fuses |
| JetPack 1000 |
| JetPack 2000 |
| Oil can |
| Safe |
| Sling |
| TNT (1 stick) |
| TNT (5 sticks) |
+----------------+
--转自
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2014-12-24 16:32:43 |
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