某些情况下我们可能需要与Mysql或者Oracle数据库进行数据交互,有些朋友的第一反应就是直接在Android中加载驱动然后进行数据的增删改查。我个人不推荐这种做法,一是手机毕竟不是电脑,操作大量数据费时费电;二是流量贵如金那。我个人比较推荐的做法是使用Java或PHP等开发接口或者编写WebService进行数据库的增删该查,然后Android调用接口或者WebService进行数据的交互。本文就给大家讲解在Android中如何调用远程服务器端提供的WebService。
既然是调用WebService,我们首先的搭建WebService服务器。为了便于操作,我们就使用网上免费的WebService进行学习。
地址:http://www.webxml.com.cn/zh_cn/index.aspx
下面演示的就是如何通过该网站提供的手机号码归属地查询WebService服务查询号码归属地
调用地址http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/MobileCodeWS.asmx?op=getMobileCodeInfo。
首先,将请求消息保存在XML文件中,然后使用$替换请求参数,如下:
mobilesoap.xml
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- <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16px"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <soap12:Envelope xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soap12="http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope">
- <soap12:Body>
- <getMobileCodeInfo xmlns="http://WebXml.com.cn/">
- <mobileCode>$mobile</mobileCode>
- <userID></userID>
- </getMobileCodeInfo>
- </soap12:Body>
- </soap12:Envelope></SPAN>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<soap12:Envelope xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soap12="http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope">
<soap12:Body>
<getMobileCodeInfo xmlns="http://WebXml.com.cn/">
<mobileCode>$mobile</mobileCode>
<userID></userID>
</getMobileCodeInfo>
</soap12:Body>
</soap12:Envelope>
;其次,设计MainActivity布局文件,
main.xml
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- <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16px"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <LinearLayout
- xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
- android:orientation="vertical"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="fill_parent">
- <TextView
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:text="手机号码" />
- <EditText
- android:id="@+id/mobileNum"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:text=""
- />
- <Button
- android:id="@+id/btnSearch"
- android:layout_width="wrap_content"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:text="查询"
- />
- <TextView
- android:id="@+id/mobileAddress"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- />
- </LinearLayout></SPAN>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent">
<TextView
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="手机号码" />
<EditText
android:id="@+id/mobileNum"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text=""
/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/btnSearch"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="查询"
/>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/mobileAddress"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
/>
</LinearLayout>
;下面贴出MainActivity,
在Android中调用WebService还是比较简单的:请求webservice,获取服务响应的数据,解析后并显示。
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- <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16px">package com.szy.webservice;
- import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
- import java.io.InputStream;
- import java.io.OutputStream;
- import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
- import java.net.URL;
- import java.util.HashMap;
- import java.util.Map;
- import java.util.regex.Matcher;
- import java.util.regex.Pattern;
- import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParser;
- import android.app.Activity;
- import android.os.Bundle;
- import android.util.Log;
- import android.util.Xml;
- import android.view.View;
- import android.widget.Button;
- import android.widget.EditText;
- import android.widget.TextView;
- import android.widget.Toast;
- /**
- * @author coolszy
- * @date 2012-3-8
- * @blog http://blog.92coding.com
- */
- public class MainActivity extends Activity
- {
- private EditText mobileNum;
- private TextView mobileAddress;
- private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";
-
-
- @Override
- public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
- {
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- setContentView(R.layout.main);
-
-
- mobileNum = (EditText) this.findViewById(R.id.mobileNum);
- mobileAddress = (TextView) this.findViewById(R.id.mobileAddress);
- Button btnSearch = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.btnSearch);
- btnSearch.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener()
- {
- @Override
- public void onClick(View v)
- {
- // 获取电话号码
- String mobile = mobileNum.getText().toString();
- // 读取xml文件
- InputStream inStream = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("mobilesoap.xml");
- try
- {
- // 显示电话号码地理位置,该段代码不合理,仅供参考
- mobileAddress.setText(getMobileAddress(inStream, mobile));
- } catch (Exception e)
- {
- Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
- Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "查询失败", 1).show();
- }
- }
- });
- }
-
-
- /**
- * 获取电话号码地理位置
- *
- * @param inStream
- * @param mobile
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- private String getMobileAddress(InputStream inStream, String mobile) throws Exception
- {
- // 替换xml文件中的电话号码
- String soap = readSoapFile(inStream, mobile);
- byte[] data = soap.getBytes();
- // 提交Post请求
- URL url = new URL("http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/MobileCodeWS.asmx");
- HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
- conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
- conn.setConnectTimeout(5 * 1000);
- conn.setDoOutput(true);
- conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/soap+xml; charset=utf-8");
- conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(data.length));
- OutputStream outStream = conn.getOutputStream();
- outStream.write(data);
- outStream.flush();
- outStream.close();
- if (conn.getResponseCode() == 200)
- {
- // 解析返回信息
- return parseResponseXML(conn.getInputStream());
- }
- return "Error";
- }
-
-
- private String readSoapFile(InputStream inStream, String mobile) throws Exception
- {
- // 从流中获取文件信息
- byte[] data = readInputStream(inStream);
- String soapxml = new String(data);
- // 占位符参数
- Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>();
- params.put("mobile", mobile);
- // 替换文件中占位符
- return replace(soapxml, params);
- }
-
-
- /**
- * 读取流信息
- *
- * @param inputStream
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- private byte[] readInputStream(InputStream inputStream) throws Exception
- {
- byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
- int len = -1;
- ByteArrayOutputStream outSteam = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
- while ((len = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1)
- {
- outSteam.write(buffer, 0, len);
- }
- outSteam.close();
- inputStream.close();
- return outSteam.toByteArray();
- }
-
-
- /**
- * 替换文件中占位符
- *
- * @param xml
- * @param params
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- private String replace(String xml, Map<String, String> params) throws Exception
- {
- String result = xml;
- if (params != null && !params.isEmpty())
- {
- for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet())
- {
- String name = "\\$" + entry.getKey();
- Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile(name);
- Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(result);
- if (matcher.find())
- {
- result = matcher.replaceAll(entry.getValue());
- }
- }
- }
- return result;
- }
-
-
- /**
- * 解析XML文件
- * @param inStream
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- private static String parseResponseXML(InputStream inStream) throws Exception
- {
- XmlPullParser parser = Xml.newPullParser();
- parser.setInput(inStream, "UTF-8");
- int eventType = parser.getEventType();// 产生第一个事件
- while (eventType != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT)
- {
- // 只要不是文档结束事件
- switch (eventType)
- {
- case XmlPullParser.START_TAG:
- String name = parser.getName();// 获取解析器当前指向的元素的名称
- if ("getMobileCodeInfoResult".equals(name))
- {
- return parser.nextText();
- }
- break;
- }
- eventType = parser.next();
- }
- return null;
- }
- }</SPAN>
package com.szy.webservice;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParser;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.util.Xml;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
/**
* @author coolszy
* @date 2012-3-8
* @blog http://blog.92coding.com
*/
public class MainActivity extends Activity
{
private EditText mobileNum;
private TextView mobileAddress;
private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
{
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
mobileNum = (EditText) this.findViewById(R.id.mobileNum);
mobileAddress = (TextView) this.findViewById(R.id.mobileAddress);
Button btnSearch = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.btnSearch);
btnSearch.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener()
{
@Override
public void onClick(View v)
{
// 获取电话号码
String mobile = mobileNum.getText().toString();
// 读取xml文件
InputStream inStream = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("mobilesoap.xml");
try
{
// 显示电话号码地理位置,该段代码不合理,仅供参考
mobileAddress.setText(getMobileAddress(inStream, mobile));
} catch (Exception e)
{
Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "查询失败", 1).show();
}
}
});
}
/**
* 获取电话号码地理位置
*
* @param inStream
* @param mobile
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
private String getMobileAddress(InputStream inStream, String mobile) throws Exception
{
// 替换xml文件中的电话号码
String soap = readSoapFile(inStream, mobile);
byte[] data = soap.getBytes();
// 提交Post请求
URL url = new URL("http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/MobileCodeWS.asmx");
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
conn.setConnectTimeout(5 * 1000);
conn.setDoOutput(true);
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/soap+xml; charset=utf-8");
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(data.length));
OutputStream outStream = conn.getOutputStream();
outStream.write(data);
outStream.flush();
outStream.close();
if (conn.getResponseCode() == 200)
{
// 解析返回信息
return parseResponseXML(conn.getInputStream());
}
return "Error";
}
private String readSoapFile(InputStream inStream, String mobile) throws Exception
{
// 从流中获取文件信息
byte[] data = readInputStream(inStream);
String soapxml = new String(data);
// 占位符参数
Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>();
params.put("mobile", mobile);
// 替换文件中占位符
return replace(soapxml, params);
}
/**
* 读取流信息
*
* @param inputStream
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
private byte[] readInputStream(InputStream inputStream) throws Exception
{
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int len = -1;
ByteArrayOutputStream outSteam = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
while ((len = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1)
{
outSteam.write(buffer, 0, len);
}
outSteam.close();
inputStream.close();
return outSteam.toByteArray();
}
/**
* 替换文件中占位符
*
* @param xml
* @param params
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
private String replace(String xml, Map<String, String> params) throws Exception
{
String result = xml;
if (params != null && !params.isEmpty())
{
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet())
{
String name = "\\$" + entry.getKey();
Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile(name);
Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(result);
if (matcher.find())
{
result = matcher.replaceAll(entry.getValue());
}
}
}
return result;
}
/**
* 解析XML文件
* @param inStream
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
private static String parseResponseXML(InputStream inStream) throws Exception
{
XmlPullParser parser = Xml.newPullParser();
parser.setInput(inStream, "UTF-8");
int eventType = parser.getEventType();// 产生第一个事件
while (eventType != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT)
{
// 只要不是文档结束事件
switch (eventType)
{
case XmlPullParser.START_TAG:
String name = parser.getName();// 获取解析器当前指向的元素的名称
if ("getMobileCodeInfoResult".equals(name))
{
return parser.nextText();
}
break;
}
eventType = parser.next();
}
return null;
}
}
;最后注意,由于需要访问网络,需要加上权限
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- <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16px"><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/></SPAN>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
;
通过上面简单的例子,相信大家已经学习了如何在Android中调用WebService,最后运行效果:
实例代码:http://115.com/file/anjh65a6