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2014-4-15 18:04:04 | [全部帖] [楼主帖]

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ORACLE opatch命令学习实践

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opatch 是ORACLE开发的用来安装，卸载，检测patch冲突的工具，管理ORACLE所有已经安装的补丁。opatch命令工具一般位于$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/下，

1: 查看opatch帮助信息

一般可以用./opatch -help来查看帮助提示。不同版本的opatch的命令有所差异，通过help看到的信息估计有所出入。虽然opatch只有这几个命令，但是每个命令都有大量的参数，所以要完全掌握，还是需要花点时间去学习、实践。

[oracle@DB-Server OPatch]$ ./opatch -help
Invoking OPatch 10.2.0.4.2
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 10.2.0.4.2
Copyright (c) 2007, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
Usage: opatch [ -help ] [ -r[eport] ] [ command ]
command := apply
lsinventory
napply
nrollback
rollback
query
version
prereq
util
<global_arguments> := -help Displays the help message for the command.
-report Print the actions without executing.
example:
'opatch -help'
'opatch apply -help'
'opatch lsinventory -help'
'opatch napply -help'
'opatch nrollback -help'
'opatch rollback -help'
'opatch prereq -help'
'opatch util -help'
OPatch succeeded.

ORACLE 10g Release 2 官方文档关于opatch介绍http://docs.oracle.com/cd/B19306_01/em.102/b16227/oui8_opatch.htm ，里面关于opatch命令的介绍如下

Table 7-1 OPatch Commands

Command	Description
apply	Installs an interim patch. Refer to "apply Command" for more information.
napply	Installs n number of patches (hence napply). Refer to "napply Command" for more information.
auto	Applies Oracle Clusterware patches. Refer to "auto Command" for more information.
lsinventory	Lists what is currently installed on the system. Refer to "lsinventory Command" for more information.
query	Queries a given patch for specific details. Refer to "query Command" for more information.
rollback	Removes an interim patch. Refer to "rollback Command" for more information.
nrollback	Removes n number of patches (hence nrollback). Refer to "nrollback Command" for more information.
version	Prints the current version of the patch tool. Refer to "version Command" for more information.

关于opatch命令的详细文档信息其实可以查看 Users_Guide.txt & FAQ等

[oracle@DB-Server OPatch]$ ls
docs emdpatch.pl jlib opatch opatch.ini opatch.pl opatchprereqs
[oracle@DB-Server OPatch]$ cd docs/
[oracle@DB-Server docs]$ ls
FAQ Prereq_Users_Guide.txt Users_Guide.txt

2:查看opatch版本信息

[oracle@DB-Server OPatch]$ ./opatch version
Invoking OPatch 10.2.0.4.2
OPatch Version: 10.2.0.4.2
OPatch succeeded.

3:opatch 打补丁示例

以补丁p6074620_10204_Linux-x86-64.zip为例

Setp 1: 下载解压补丁文件

[oracle@DB-Server u04]$ unzip p6074620_10204_Linux-x86-64.zip
[oracle@DB-Server u04]$ cd 6074620/

Step 2: 关闭数据库实例

Step 3：查看补丁README.txt文件，了解注意事项

[oracle@DB-Server 6074620]$ ls
etc files README.txt
[oracle@DB-Server 6074620]$ more README.txt
# ---------------------------
# Make sure all instances running under the ORACLE_HOME being patched
# are cleanly shutdown before installing this patch. Also ensure that
# the tool used to terminate the instance(s) has exited cleanly.
#
# If the Oracle inventory is not setup correctly this utility will
# fail. To check accessibility to the inventory you can use the
# command
#
# % opatch lsinventory
#
# If you have any problems installing this PSE or are not sure
# about inventory setup please call Oracle support.
#
# Patch Deinstallation Instructions:
# ----------------------------------
# Use the following command:
#
# % cd 6074620
# % opatch rollback -id 6074620
#

Setp 4: opatch打补丁

[oracle@DB-Server 6074620]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch apply
Invoking OPatch 10.2.0.4.2
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 10.2.0.4.2
Copyright (c) 2007, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
Oracle Home : /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1
Central Inventory : /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory
from : /etc/oraInst.loc
OPatch version : 10.2.0.4.2
OUI version : 10.2.0.4.0
OUI location : /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/oui
Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2014-04-11_17-02-01PM.log
ApplySession applying interim patch '6074620' to OH '/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1'
Running prerequisite checks...
OPatch detected non-cluster Oracle Home from the inventory and will patch the local system only.
Please shutdown Oracle instances running out of this ORACLE_HOME on the local system.
(Oracle Home = '/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1')
Is the local system ready for patching? [y|n]
Could not recognize input. Please re-enter.
y
User Responded with: Y
Backing up files and inventory (not for auto-rollback) for the Oracle Home
Backing up files affected by the patch '6074620' for restore. This might take a while...
Backing up files affected by the patch '6074620' for rollback. This might take a while...
Patching component oracle.rdbms, 10.2.0.4.0...
Updating archive file "/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/lib/libserver10.a" with "lib/libserver10.a/kcrr.o"
Running make for target ioracle
ApplySession adding interim patch '6074620' to inventory
Verifying the update...
Inventory check OK: Patch ID 6074620 is registered in Oracle Home inventory with proper meta-data.
Files check OK: Files from Patch ID 6074620 are present in Oracle Home.
The local system has been patched and can be restarted.
OPatch succeeded.

5:opatch 查看补丁情况

[oracle@DB-Server OPatch]$ ./opatch lsinventory
Invoking OPatch 10.2.0.4.2
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 10.2.0.4.2
Copyright (c) 2007, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
Oracle Home : /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1
Central Inventory : /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory
from : /etc/oraInst.loc
OPatch version : 10.2.0.4.2
OUI version : 10.2.0.4.0
OUI location : /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/oui
Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2014-04-11_17-04-41PM.log
Lsinventory Output file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/lsinv/lsinventory2014-04-11_17-04-41PM.txt
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Installed Top-level Products (2):
Oracle Database 10g 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle Database 10g Release 2 Patch Set 3 10.2.0.4.0
There are 2 products installed in this Oracle Home.
Interim patches (1) :
Patch 6074620 : applied on Fri Apr 11 17:03:10 CST 2014
Created on 29 Jan 2009, 22:44:17 hrs US/Pacific
Bugs fixed:
6074620
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
OPatch succeeded.

6:opatch 卸载补丁

[oracle@DB-Server OPatch]$ ./opatch rollback -id 9264253
Invoking OPatch 10.2.0.4.2
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 10.2.0.4.2
Copyright (c) 2007, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
Oracle Home : /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1
Central Inventory : /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory
from : /etc/oraInst.loc
OPatch version : 10.2.0.4.2
OUI version : 10.2.0.4.0
OUI location : /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/oui
Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2014-04-15_09-01-41AM.log
RollbackSession rolling back interim patch '9264253' from OH '/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1'
Running prerequisite checks...
OPatch detected non-cluster Oracle Home from the inventory and will patch the local system only.
Please shutdown Oracle instances running out of this ORACLE_HOME on the local system.
(Oracle Home = '/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1')
Is the local system ready for patching? [y|n]
y
User Responded with: Y
Backing up files affected by the patch '9264253' for restore. This might take a while...
Patching component oracle.rdbms, 10.2.0.4.0...
Updating archive file "/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/lib/libserver10.a" with "lib/libserver10.a/ksu.o"
Running make for target ioracle
RollbackSession removing interim patch '9264253' from inventory
The local system has been patched and can be restarted.
OPatch succeeded.

参考资料：

http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/5809526

该贴由hui.chen转至本版2014-11-5 16:24:21